Adobe Photoshop cs tutorial

Thursday, January 1, 2015

Opening and editing annotations

A note or audio annotation icon marks the location of an annotation on an image. When you move the pointer over an annotation icon and pause, a message displays the author name. You use the icons to open notes or play audio annotations. You can show, hide, or move the icons, and edit the contents of notes.

Note: Resizing an image does not resize the annotation icons and note windows. The icons and note windows keep their locations relative to the image. Cropping an image removes any annotations in the cropped area; you can recover the annotations by undoing the Crop command.

To open a note or play an audio annotation:

Double-click the icon:

If you are opening a note, a window appears, displaying the note text.
If you are playing an audio annotation and have a sound card installed, the audio file begins to play.

To show or hide annotation icons:

Do one of the following:

Choose View > Show > Annotations.
Choose View > Extras. This command also shows or hides grids, guides, selection edges, target paths, and slices.

To edit annotations:

Do any of the following:

To move an annotation icon, move the pointer over the icon until it turns into an arrow, and then drag the icon. You can do this with any tool selected. Moving a note icon does not move its note window.
To move a note window, drag it by the title bar.
To delete a selected annotation, press Delete.
To edit the contents of a note, open the note, change any options, and add, delete, or change the text. You can use the same editing commands that you use when creating a note.
To delete all annotations, right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) an annotation icon to display the context menu, and choose Delete All Annotations. You can also delete all annotations by clicking Clear All in the options bar for notes or audio annotations.

Adding notes and audio annotations

You can add notes and audio annotations anywhere on a Photoshop image canvas. When you create a note, a resizable window appears for typing text. When you record an audio annotation, you must have a microphone plugged into the audio-in port of your computer.

You can import both kinds of annotations from Photoshop documents saved in PDF or from Acrobat documents saved in PDF or Form Data Format (FDF).

To create a note:

Select the Notes tool .
Set options as needed:

Enter an author name. The name appears in the title bar of the notes window.
Choose a font and size for the note text.
Select a color for the note icon and the title bar of note windows.

Click where you want to place the note, or drag to create a custom-sized window.
Click inside the window, and type the text. If you type more text than fits in the note window, the scroll bar becomes active.

Edit the text as needed:

You can use the standard editing commands for your system (Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, and Select All). In Windows, right-click in the text area and choose the commands from the context menu. In Mac OS, choose the commands from the Edit and Select menus. You can also use standard keyboard shortcuts for these editing commands.
If you have the required software for different script systems (for example, Roman, Japanese, or Cyrillic) installed on your computer, you can switch between the script systems. Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) to display the context menu, and then choose a script system.

To close the note to an icon, click the close box.

To create an audio annotation:

Select the Audio Annotation tool .
Set options as needed:

Enter an author name.
Select a color for the audio annotation icon.

Click where you want to place the annotation icon.
Click Start and then speak into the microphone. When you're finished, click Stop.

To import annotations:

Choose File > Import > Annotations.
Select a PDF or FDF file that contains annotations, and then click Load. The annotations appear in the locations where they were saved in the source document.

Annotating images (Photoshop)

You can attach note annotations (notes) and audio annotations to an image in Photoshop. This is useful for associating review comments, production notes, or other information with the image. Because Photoshop annotations are compatible with Adobe Acrobat, you can use them to exchange information with Acrobat users as well as Photoshop users.

To circulate a Photoshop document for review in Acrobat, save the document in Portable Document Format (PDF) and ask reviewers to use Acrobat to add notes or audio annotations. Then import the annotations into Photoshop.

Notes and audio annotations appear as small nonprintable icons on the image. They are associated with a location on the image rather than with a layer. You can hide and show annotations, open notes to view or edit their contents, and play audio annotations. You can also add audio annotations to actions, and set them to play during an action or during a pause in an action.

Displaying file and image information

Information about the current file size and other features of the image is displayed at the bottom of the application window (Windows) or document window (Mac OS).

Note: In ImageReady, if the document window is wide enough, two image information boxes appear, enabling you to view two different information options for the image at the same time. For more information about original and optimized images,

You can also view copyright and authorship information that has been added to the file. This information includes standard file information and Digimarc® watermarks. Photoshop automatically scans opened images for watermarks using the Digimarc Detect Watermark plug-in. If a watermark is detected, Photoshop displays a copyright symbol in the image window's title bar and updates the Copyright & URL area of the File Info dialog box.

To display file information in the document window (Photoshop):

Click the triangle in the bottom border of the application window (Windows) or document window (Mac OS)

Illustration of file information view options in Photoshop

Select a view option:

Document Size to display information on the amount of data in the image. The number on the left represents the printing size of the image--approximately the size of the saved, flattened file in Adobe Photoshop format. The number on the right indicates the file's approximate size including layers and channels.
Document Profile to display the name of the color profile used by the image.
Document Dimensions to display the dimensions of the image.
Scratch Sizes to display information on the amount of RAM and scratch disk used to process the image. The number on the left represents the amount of memory that is currently being used by the program to display all open images. The number on the right represents the total amount of RAM available for processing images.
Efficiency to display the percentage of time actually doing an operation instead of reading or writing the scratch disk. If the value is below 100%, Photoshop is using the scratch disk and, therefore, is operating more slowly.
Timing to display the amount of time it took to complete the last operation.
Current Tool to view the name of the active tool.

To display image information in the document window (ImageReady):

Click an image information box at the bottom of the document window.
Select a view option:

Original/Optimized File Size to view the original and optimized file size images. The first value indicates the original image file size. The second value (present if the original image has been optimized) indicates the optimized image file size and file format based on the current settings in the Optimize palette.
Optimized Information to view the file format, file size, number of colors, and dither percentage for the optimized image.
Image Dimensions to view the image's pixel dimensions.
Watermark Strength to view the strength of the Digimarc digital watermark in the optimized image, if present.
Undo/Redo Status to view the number of undos and redos that are available for the image.
Original in Bytes to view the size of the original, flattened image expressed in bytes.
Optimized in Bytes to view the size of the optimized image expressed in bytes.
Optimized Savings to view the percentage of the optimized image file size reduction, followed by the difference in bytes between the original and optimized sizes.
Size/Download Time to view the file size for the optimized image and estimated download time using the selected modem speed.

Note: Download times may vary based on Internet traffic and modem compression schemes. The value displayed is an approximation.

To view additional file information:

Choose File > File Info.

To read a Digimarc watermark:

Choose Filter > Digimarc > Read Watermark. If the filter finds a watermark, a dialog box displays the Creator ID, copyright year (if present), and image attributes.
Click OK, or for more information, choose from the following:

If you have a Web browser installed, click Web Lookup to get more information about the owner of the image. This option launches the browser and displays the Digimarc Web site, where contact details appear for the given Creator ID.
Call the phone number listed in the Watermark Information dialog box to get information faxed back to you.

Displaying status information (Photoshop)

The status bar at the bottom of the window displays useful information--such as the current magnification and file size of the active image, and brief instructions for using the active tool.

To show or hide the status bar (Windows only):

Choose Window > Status Bar. A check mark indicates the item is showing.

Working with Extras

Guides, grid, target paths, selection edges, slices, image maps, text bounds, text baselines, text selections, and annotations are nonprinting Extras that help you select, move, or edit images and objects. You can turn on or off an Extra or any combination of Extras without affecting the image. You can also show or hide Extras by choosing the Extras command in the View menu.

To show Extras:

Choose View > Extras. A check mark appears next to all shown Extras in the Show submenu.

Note: Choosing Extras also shows color samplers, even though color samplers are not an option in the Show submenu.

To hide Extras:

With Extras showing, choose View > Extras. A dot (Windows) or a dash (Mac OS) appears next to all hidden Extras in the Show submenu.

Note: Hiding only suppresses the display of Extras. It does not turn off these options.

To show one Extra from a list of hidden Extras:

Choose View > Show and choose an Extra from the submenu. Choosing one of the hidden Extras will cause it to show, and turn off all other Extras.

To turn on and off a group of Extras:

Choose View > Show > All to turn on and show all available Extras. Choose View > Show > None to turn off all Extras.

Using guides and the grid

Guides appear as lines that float over the entire image and do not print. You can move, remove, or lock a guide to avoid accidentally moving it.

The grid is useful for laying out elements symmetrically. The grid appears by default as nonprinting lines but can also be displayed as dots.

Guides and grids behave in similar ways:

Selections, selection borders, and tools snap to a guide or the grid when dragged within 8 screen (not image) pixels. Guides also snap to the grid when moved. You can turn this feature on and off.
Guide spacing, along with guide and grid visibility and snapping, is specific to an image.
Grid spacing, along with guide and grid color and style, is the same for all images.

In ImageReady, you can use Smart Guides to help align shapes, slices, and selections. They appear automatically when you draw a shape, or create a selection or slide. You can hide Smart Guides if you need to.

To show or hide a grid or guides:

Do one of the following:

(Photoshop) Choose View > Show > Grid.
Choose View > Show > Guides.
Choose View > Extras. This command also shows or hides (Photoshop) selection edges, target path, slices, and notes, or (ImageReady) selection edges, slices, image maps, text bounds, text baseline, and text selection.

To place a guide:

If the rulers are not visible, choose View > Rulers.

Note: For the most accurate readings, view the image at 100% magnification or use the Info palette.

Create a guide:

(Photoshop) Choose View > New Guide. In the dialog box, select Horizontal or Vertical orientation, enter a position, and click OK.
(ImageReady) Choose View > Create Guides. In the dialog box, specify guide options and click OK.
Drag from the horizontal ruler to create a horizontal guide.

Dragging to create a horizontal guide

Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and drag from the vertical ruler to create a horizontal guide.
Drag from the vertical ruler to create a vertical guide.
Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and drag from the horizontal ruler to create a vertical guide.
(Photoshop) Hold down Shift and drag from the horizontal or vertical ruler to create a guide that snaps to the ruler ticks.

The pointer changes to a double-headed arrow

when you drag a guide.

To move a guide:

Select the Move tool , or hold down Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) to activate the Move tool. (This option does not work with the Hand tool or the Slice tool .)
Position the pointer over the guide (the pointer turns into a double-headed arrow).
Move the guide in any of the following ways:

Drag the guide to move it.
Change the guide from horizontal to vertical, or vice versa, by holding down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you click or drag the guide.
(Photoshop) Align the guide with the ruler ticks by holding down Shift as you drag the guide. The guide will snap to the grid if the grid is visible and View > Snap To > Grid is selected.

To lock all guides:

Choose View > Lock Guides.

To remove guides from the image:

Do one of the following:

To remove a single guide, drag the guide outside the image window.
To remove all guides, choose View > Clear Guides.

To hide Smart Guides (ImageReady):

View > Show > Smart Guides.

To turn snapping to guides on or off:

Choose View > Snap To > Guides.

To turn snapping to the grid on or off:

Choose View > Snap To > Grid.

To set guide and grid preferences (Photoshop):

Do one of the following:

In Windows, choose Edit > Preferences > Guides, Grid, & Slices.
In Mac OS, choose Photoshop > Preferences > Guides, Grid, & Slices.

For Color, choose a color for the guides, the grid, or both. If you choose Custom, click the color box, choose a color, and click OK.
For Style, choose a display option for guides or the grid, or both.
For Gridline Every, enter a value for the grid spacing. For Subdivisions, enter a value to subdivide the grid.

If desired, change the units for this option. The Percent option creates a grid that divides the image into even sections. For example, choosing 25 for the Percent option creates an evenly divided 4-by-4 grid.

Click OK.

Using the Measure tool (Photoshop)

The Measure tool calculates the distance between any two points in the work area. When you measure from one point to another, a nonprinting line is drawn and the options bar and Info palette show the following information:

The starting location (X and Y)
The horizontal (W) and vertical (H) distances traveled from the x- and y-axes
The angle measured relative to the axis (A)
The total distance traveled (D1)
The two distances traveled (D1 and D2), when you use a protractor

All measurements except the angle are calculated in the unit of measure currently set in the Units & Rulers preference dialog box. For information on setting the unit of measure

To display an existing measuring line:

Select the Measure tool

To measure between two points:

Select the Measure tool .
Drag from the starting point to the ending point. Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°.
To create a protractor from an existing measuring line, Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) at an angle from one end of the measuring line, or double-click the line and drag. Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°.

To edit a measuring line or protractor:

Select the Measure tool .
Do one of the following:

To resize the line, drag one end of an existing measuring line.
To move the line, place the pointer on the line away from either endpoint, and drag the line.
To remove the line, place the pointer on the line away from either endpoint, and drag the line out of the image.

Note: You can drag out a measure line on an image feature that should be horizontal or vertical, and then choose Image > Rotate Canvas > Arbitrary. The correct angle of rotation required to straighten the image will already be entered into the Rotate Canvas dialog box.